Multispindle internal-combustion machine



1,624,211 Apnl 12 1927- w, LE R. 'BRYANT MULTISPINDLE INTERNAL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Auz. 1923 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 I 47; 'A% i WEE Ap 12 1927' N w. u: R. BRYANT MULTISPINDLE INTERNAL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 18, 192:5 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 12 1927.

W. LE R. BRYANT MULTISPINDLE INTERNAL GRINDING momma Filed Aug. 1923 9 Sheets-Sheet a Apnl 12 1927- w, LE R. BRYANT MULTISPINDLE INTERNAL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Auzw 1923 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 1,624,211 l 1927' w. LE R. BRYANT MULTISPINDLE INTERNAL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Auz. 1923 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 I 'QIIII/lll/I/IIIIA IIJ'II/I 1 192 1,624,211 2 7 w. LE R. BRYANT MULTISPINDLE INTERNAL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 1923 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 624 7 llllill \v vii 1,624,211 Alml 12 1927' w. LE R. BRYANT MUL'I'ISPINDLE 1NTERNAL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Aux. 1a. 1923 s Shanta-Sheet 7 LI -Z1 m m s 12 192 April 7 w. LE R. BRYANT MULTISPINDLE INTERNAL GRINDING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Aug. 1923 lfflffllll. v 2

A ril 12 1927.

p w. LE R. BRYANT MUL'I'ISPINDLE INTERNAL GRINDING M ACHINE Filed Aug. 1923 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 -machine embodying the invention. Figure 2 represents a sectio PATENT orrlcs.

WILLIAM LE BOY BRYANT, 70F SPRINGFIELD, VEBKOIQ'T.

IULTISPIIIDLE IHTEBNAL-OOHBUSTIO N CHINE.

Application fled August 18, 1928. Serial I0. "8,0 87.

This invention has relation to internal grinding machines and has for its object to provide a machine in which a pair of grindmg wheels may be utilized for simultaneously grinding the surfaces of holes or bores located in op osite portions of the work, as, for examp e, in a piston such as employed "n combustion engines, wherein it desirable to grind the bearings which are formed in the opposite sides thereof to receive the wrist pin. 'It is also desirable, in grinding work ofthis general character, that the grinding operation performed upon the internal surfaces of the bore or apertures should be accomplished without change in position of the work. By employing a pair of grinding wheels which are oppositely arranged and which may be fixed in position relatively to each other with the work between, it is possible to grind the work on both sidesthereof without changing the position of the work or the relative positions of the grinding tools. Where the internal surfaces to be ground have the same diameter, the grinding wheels should be adjusted so that their axes are coincident. According to the present invention, two grinding wheels are r employed which are preferably supported upon the same slide, so that, when the slide is reciprocated, the grinding wheels are moved in the same direction axially.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine in which the, work may -he rigidly supported between the tool'carriers and rotated about the axis of the apertures the walls of which are to be ground. In accom lishing these general objects, ad-

ditional o jects of the invention are to provide other improvements b which the grinding machine is rendere highly accurateein operation under stable control.

On the accompanying drawings,- Figure 1 illustrates 1n front elevation a on the line 2--2 of Figure 1, looking from eft to right and showing the tool carrier in grinding position.

Figure 3 represents a section on the same line but showing the .tool carrier removed to an inactive position.

Figure 4 represents a vertical longitudinet section through a portion of the machine and illustrates the main slide which supports the tool carrier.

same on Figures 5, 6 and 7 re resent similar sections, the work holder ing omitted, and illustrate the operation of the inding tools upon the work and several of the positions which may be occupied by the grinding tools.

Figure 8 represents in section a portion of the mechanism for effecting the separation of the tools.

Figure 9 represents in section on the line )--9 of Figure 4 the mechanism for effectmg a rotative movement of one of the tool carriers relatively to the other about the axis of the main tool slide.

, Figure 10 represents in end elevation the tool slide and the stop mechanism which assists in effecting the separation of the grinding tools.

Figure 11 represents in section one of the tool carriers which is mounted upon the slide and iilustrates mechanism for effecting a bodily longitudinal adjustment of the grinding tool supported thereby.

Figure 12 represents a section through the same on the line 12-12 of Figure 11.

Figure 13 represents a longitudinal section through the other tool carrier taken on the axis of the tool spindle. Figure 14 shows a section through the tool spindle sleeve which is illustrated as a whole in Figure 11.

Figure 15 represents in face view (lookin lengthwise of the machine) of the work a ho der.

Figure 16 represents a section through the the line 1616 of Figure 15.

Figure 17 represents, detached, the mechanism for efiecting a longitudinal traverse of the main slide.

Figure 18 represents a section through the same on the line 18-18 of Figure 17.

Figure 19 represents a sectiononthe'line 19-49 ofFigure 18, but on a somewhat lar er scale.

igure 20 illustrates in section details of one of the clutches included inthe mecha- .nism shown in Figure 19.

re 21 represents on a large scale a fron elevation of a portion of the mechanism for effectin the relative cross-feed 01 the inding too sand the work.

Figure 22 illustrates a manuaIlIy-rotatm ble pinion which is employed in t e crossfeed mechanism for effecting a fine feed of the tools. i a

a detail view, more or less Figure 23 is diagrammatic, for the purpose of illustratin how the-tool carriers may be angularl a )usted relativey to each'other for grind mi bores of di erent diameters.

igure 24 illustrates the relative osition of the tools in reference to the wor when the carriers are adjusted to the position shown in Figure 23.

Figures 25 and 26 illustrate details in the cross-feeding mechanism for the tool carriers.

Before attempting to describe in detail the machine which is illustrated on the drawings thus briefl referred to, I desire to have it underst ,that the machine representsbut one em 'ment of the invention which is capable of many others; that many changes may be made in the "structural arrangement and in the details of the machine herein described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims; that the hraseology which has been herein employed is for the purpose of descri tion and not of limitation; and that the rawingsare more or less diagrammatic or conventional.

In general, it is my intention or urpose to provide an internal grinding mac ine in which op ositel -arranged tools are afforded for grin mg a ore or bores of the same or different diameters, in which the tools have a relative rigidity of support and are accurately controlled so as to effect a recis ion in operation. In accom lishing thls result, I preferably employ tool carriers which are mounted upon the same slide. This slide preferably takes the form of a bar which 18 mounted in bearings, so as not only to slide therein but also to be capable of a r0- tative movement for the urpose of effecting the cross-feed of the too s relatively to the work. B virtue of this construction, it is also ossi Is to eflect an angular adjustment of the tool carriers one relatively to the other so as to bring the axes of the tool spindles into coincidence or to have the axes of the s indles in parallel lines according to the c aracter of the form to be operated upon. By supporting the tool carriers upon the slide and reciprocating the slide to impart the necessary traverse to the tools,. the work may be ground with great precision such as cannot be accomplished where the tool carriers are mounted u on separate slides. Preferably the two to carriers are relatively movable towards and from each other to effect a se aration and an approach of the tools, therehy affording the easy removal and replacement of work between them, and in addition it is also desirable in many instances that the tool spindles themselves may be relatively adjustable toward and from each other to accommodate work of different thickness which is placed between them. After these various adjustments have been secured, the tools" may move as a unit both in the traverse of the tools and in the' cross-feed thereof. The machine, which is illustrated on the drawings, possesses these features of construction and relative arrangement as will be explained more at length in the s ecification.

The relative position of t e tools and the work is controlled by a template-controlled mechanism, the details of which are not dissimilar from those illustrated in my Letters Patent No. 1,051,483, dated Jan. 8, 1913, which in that instance is utilized for controlling the position of a single tool carrier. V In the machine which I have hereinillustrated, the work is supported by the bed of the machine, it being placed in a work holder rotatable in a work carrier which may be permanently secured to the bed, and means are afforded for effecting the rotation of the work holder. The construction of the work holder depends to some extent upon the character of the work on which the tools are to operate, and I have selected for illustration one form of tool holder comprising a ring-like chuck which is controlled in position both axially and diametrically by a face bearing, as will be subsequently explained.

Referring more particularly to the machine illustrated in the. drawings, it is shown as being provided with a bed of any suitable Til character indicated at 30. This may be of 1 box or cabinet type and be provided with the necessary liquid receptacles and pumps for supplying liquor to the grindin tools. As these are common attachments 0 grinding machines, I have not undertaken to illustrate them. At its ends, the bed is provided with two upright portions 31, 32 upon which are rigidly clamped brackets 33, 34, in which is mounted the main tool slide 35. This slide, as previously indicated, consists of a bar (shown as cylindrical and tubular) which is mounted to slide in bearings 36, 37 in the brackets 33, 34. Upon this bar are placed or hung the two tool carriers which are indicated as a whole at 38 and 39 respectively. These two carriers are relatively movable toward and from each other and fare relatively rotatably or angularly adjustable about the axis of the bar 35. The mechanism for accomplishing this will now be explained. The two carriers are preferably hollow and of substantial construction, and each has an elongated bearing upon the slide 35, The tool carrier 38 is clamped upon the slide 35 so that it ma receive minor adjustments both axially o the slide and rotatably thereabout in setting up the machine. After being properly located in position, it is clamped tight to the slide. The tool carrier 39 is laced in a somewhat similar manner upon t e slide 35, and it too together by a clampin is clamped thereon. A portion of its hearing, as indicated at 40, is split and is drawn bolt 41 which is operated manually. e main slide 35 is provided on its right-hand end with a circuar rack, as shown in Figure 4, with which is engaged a inion 43 housed on the hollow bracket 34. bviously, b rotating this inion in one direction or t e other, the c indrical slide bar and the tool carriers t ereon may be reciprocated axially of said slide bar. This may be accomplished b hand or by automatic power mechanism su sequently to be ex lained.

'is screwed home so as to clam For e ecting a positive relative angular adjustment of one of the tool carriers relatively tithe other about the axis of the bar, one of t e tool carriers, as illustrated in Figure 9, is provided with a worm 44 secured upon a s indle 45 mounted in the carrier and held In place by a bearing cap 46. The spindle at the front end, so as to be accessible from the front of the machine, is provided with a hand wheel-47 for effecting the rotation of the worm. The worm 44 meshes with a worm wheel 48 formed b cutting apropriate teeth in the slide bar 35, and

ence, by rotating the hand wheel37 in one direction or the other after loosening the clamp 41, the tool carrier 39 may be angularly adjufled relatively to the tool carrier 38. This mechanism is operated manually onl when it is desired to effect the relative ad ustments angularly of the two tool carriers, and ordinarily the clamping bolt 41 the tool carrier 39 rigidly upon the cylin rical slide bar 35. In Figure 23, which is a more or less diagrammatic illustration of the two tool carriers, it will be observed that oneof the carriers has been angularly adjusted so that the tool spindle carried thereby is outpof exact axial alinement with the tool spindle of the othercarrier although the may be regarded as substantially alin en thus relatively adjusted, the two. tools may be caused to operate on the walls or bores of different diameters of the work as shown in Figure 24.

For operation. on the work, it is desirable, in order that thegrinding surfaces of the tools may not wholly leave the surfaces being ground in the traverse of the main slide, that the tools considered as a whole may be adjusted axially relatively to each other, so that, after the work has been placed in the work holder, the tools which were previonsly separated may be advanced one to-" ward the other intooperating position. To this end the tools, which are indicated at 49 and 50, are mounted on spindles, 51, 52, respectively, whose axes are radially equidistant from the axis of the bearings of the main tool slide, and these spindles are in turn journaled in sleeves 53, 54, which for spindle holders. The tool carriers 38 39 enter ends are mounted the two sleeves or spindle holders 53, 54, the axes of the sleeves being at the same radial distance from the axis of the slide bar. While both of the s indle sleeves 53, 54 mi ht be mounted in t e carriers so that both are axially adjustable therein, as a matter of practice this is not essential, as the axial adjustment of one of said sleeves serves all of the necessary purposes. Consequently, while the spindle sleeve 54 is preferably fixed in the tool carrier, the sleeve 53 is mounted in bearings 55,

'take the form of hollow arms which extend radially fromthe slide bar 35, and in their 56 in the tool carrier 38 so thatit is capable of sliding therein. The sleeve 53 is formed with a rack 57 (see Figures 4 and 11) which is engaged by a gear 58 housed within the hollow tool carrier 38 and loosely mounted upon a shaft 59. This gear in turn meshes with a gear 60 likewise housed in the hollow tool carrier but rejecting through a slot 61 in the cylindrical slide bar 35 into engagement with a rack 62 formed on a rod .63 which extends through the bore of the cylindrical tool slide 35. By reason of this constructlon, it will be obvious that a relative axial movement of the rod 63 and the main tool slide 35 will cause the transmission of power through the gears 60 and 58 to the tool spindle 53 so as to move the latter axially in one direction or the other. The rod 63 is longer than the cylindrical slide bar 35 and projects beyond both ends thereof, as illustrated in Figure 4. At its righthand end, the rod 63 is provided with a tubular ca member 64 which telescopes the end oft e slide bar 35. This cap member has a downwardly-projecting portion 65 in which is housed a pinion 66 which meshes with the circular rack. 42 on the slide bar. The cap member is held from rotation by a guide67, which is illustrated as a short bar extending from the upri ht 32 at the end of the bed, said cap mem r bein provided with lugs 68 which straddle the. r asshown. It may be said in passing that the rod 63 is splined to the cylindrical slide bar 35 so that they are held against relative retative movement, the spline being indic'aied,

sleeve 53 is likewise moved :to the leftso as to separate the tool 49 fromthe tool 50. Durin the traverse, however, of the main tool sllde 35 as efl'eeted by the gear 43, there 73 engages the stop is no relative movement of the rod 63 and thetool slide, and consequently there is no independent movement of the tool 49 and the tool-spindle sleeve 53. It is on] when it is desired to separate the tools axially or to bring them towards each oihcr that the gear 66 is operated manually.

It will be noted that, on the left-hand end of the bar 63 which projects beyond the end of the tool slide 35, said rod is provided with a collar 72 having a depending finger 73 located between two abutments or stops 74, 75, mounted upon a rod 76 which is supported by the bracket As a detail of construction, the rod 7 6 may be secured to a hollow guard 77 which is bolted to the bracket 33 on the bed. The rod 76 is stationary. Consequently, when the gear 66, which effects a relative movement of the bar 63'and the main tool slide 35, is rotated clockwise to such an extent that the finger 74 for example, the movement of the bar 63 will cease and the continued rotation of the gear 66 will effect the movement of the slide bar 35 to the ri ht. This has the effect of still further e ecting the withdrawal of the tool-spindle sleeve 53 into the carrier 38, but at the same time it moves both the carrier 38 and the carrier 39 to the right, whereupon the tool 50 is moved to the right to separate it from the tool 49 and to clear the work. It will thus be seen that, although only one of the tool-spindle sleeves is movable in its carrier, yet the result of this operation is to cause the movement of both of the tools in o posite directions away from each other.

onversely, when the gear 66 is rotated anti-clockwise to move the bar 63 to the right, the tool-spindle sleeve 53' is moved to the right to advance the tool carried thereby, until finally the finger 73 engages the stop '75 on the bar 76, whereupon both tool carriers are moved to the left so as to advance the tool 50 into the work, the retrograde movement of the carrier 38 being compensated for by the continued advancing movement of the tool-spindle sleeve 53.

In Eigures 5 and 6, I have shown the limits of normal traverse of the tool slide and the tools carried thereby for the particular piece of work being operated on, namely a cylinder for combustion engines; but in Figure 7 I have shown the tools in their separated positions at which they are disengaged from the work so as to permit the removal of the work and the replacement of a. new piece of work. The traversing movements of the slide 35 and the relative movement'of the tool carriers thereon are limited by two ad'ustable stop screws 89, 81, taking into ape ures operation on i shown in Figure 4." These are called into when tha. tools are being in the brackets 33, 34, as

separated b hand through the ihtermediacy 'the exact construction of the details for the mounting of the spindle. The spindle is shown as being provided with a pulley 84,

which is housed within the sleeve 53, and the belt 85 which drives the pulley passes through slots 86 formed in the sides of the sleeve. The belt 85 may be driven from a counter-shaft and its stretches engage an idler pulley 87 which is journaled y antifriction hearings on a shaft 88 secured in the upper portion of the tool carrier 38. The idler pulle 87 is of suflicient len h axially to provi e forthe independent ax al movement of the spindle sleeve 53. The

spindle sleeve 53 is mounted in the bearings 55, 56, aspreviousIy stated, but it is held rigidly a alnst movement therein during the operation of the tools upo the work. For this purpose, the sleeve 53 18 provided with a circumferential recess 89 on one side thereof, as shown in Figure 12, to receive a curved shoe or clam 90 which is engaged by a radial pin 91. nto a. threaded aperture in the carrier 38 there is assed a screw 92, and between the inner en of the screw and the pin 91 there is a spring 93. When the screw 92 is rotated b a andle 94 in the roper direction, the 0 am 90 is pressed firm y against the walls at t e and ot the recess 89 in the sleeve 53 so as to hold the same firmly, not only against rotative movement but against independent axial moyement. A screw similar to that at 92, as mdicated at 95, is assed into the carrier 38 andthrough the aring 55 so that its end may engage the sleeve 53, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 11. The outer end of the screw is provided with an arm 96 connected by a hnk 97 with the handle 94 rotated in made in two sections connected byacoupling 99, and each section or thespindle; is'supported in anti-friction bearings, those for the pulley-carrying section of the spindle being indicated at 100 and 101, and the bearings for the tool-carrying portion of the spindle being indicated at 102 and 103, the latter 103 being a tapering sleeve. The ulley 98 is driven by a belt 104 from a suita le countcrshaft, the stretches of the belt engaging an idler pulley 105 mounted to rotate about a shaft 106 projecting laterally from an upper portion of the tool carrier 39. It will be understood, of course, that the parts mounted upon the tool carriers are properly mounted and protected against grit and par- .either .manually orby ticles of metal. In this connection I may advert to the fact that, for the pur ose of protecting the spindle sleeve 53 w ich is tubular, its rear end is closed by a screw cap 107, and that the carrier is provided with ahollow guard 108 into which the end of the sleeve projects when it is moved away from the work. Before passing to a description of other features of the machine, I may call attention to one small structural detai by which the bar 63 is held against bending between its ends due to the enga ement of the gear with the rack 62, t is comprising an abutment pin 109 which engages the sideof the bar diametrically opposite the rack and which is adjusted by a screw 110.

The main cylindrical tool slide 35 may be operated to cause the traverse of the tools wer. I have alrcadystated that said side is red rocated by a pinion 43 engaging the circu ar rack 42 thereon. This pinion 43 is secured upon the inner end of a shaft 111 (see Figure 17), which is journaled in a bearing ali'orded by the bracket 34 and which projects forwardly so as to receive a hand wheel 212 within convenient access for the operator. Obviously, by rotating the hand wheel in one diiectlon or the other, the main tool slide moves back and forth. The shaft 111, however, may be rotated first in one direction and then in the other by power mechanism, which in the resent instance may comprise a worm wheel 112 secured to the shaft, and a worm 113 which is rotated automatically first in one direction and then in the other. The worm wheel 112 is located within an open fiont housing 114 secured to the front of the bracket 34. The worm 113 may be bodily moved to engage it with and (113611- gage it from the worm wheel 112. For this purpose, there is a frame indicated as a whole at 115 having arms 116 pinned to a rock shaft 117 journaled in lugs 118 projectlng forwardly from the bracket 34. A handle 119 is secured to the end of the shaft 117 so that the operator may rock the shaft 117 and swing the frame 115 upwardly to disengage the worm from the worm wheel. The'handlc 119 has a spring-pressed pin 120 ada ted to engage a stop pin 121 on the side of t 1e housing 114, so t at, when the is swung downwardly to cause the en agement of the worm 113 with the worm v heel, the arm will be ieldingly locked in position. lVhen the han 1c is drawn forwardly and upwardly by the operator, the pin 120 rides over the pin 121, and then holds the frame sufliciently elevated so that the worm will not engage the worm wheel. The worm 113 is keyed upon a sleeve 122 which in turn is journaled within bearing sleeves 123, 124, as shown in Figures 18 and 19. These two sleeves hold the worm against axial movement, being themselves held against outward axial movement by abutment pins 125 and screws 126 arranged at an angle of 45 to the said sleeves and engaging shoulders at the ends of recesses therein. These devices act not only to prevent axial movement 0 the bearin sleeves and the worm but also hold the serves a ainst rotation. Extending loosely throug 1 the sleeve or quill 122, there is a shaft 127 to the ends of which are attached oppositely-driven pulleys 128, 129. These pulleys are pinned to clutch members 130, 131, respectively, which are adapted to alternately engage clutch members or clutch teeth formed on the ends of the sleeve or quill 1 22. By moving the shaft 127- axially in one direction or the other, the clutch 130 or the clutch 131 will be engaged with the sleeve or quill 122 so as to rotate the worm 113 in one direction or the other. Inasmuch as the two pulle s 128, 129 are at-, tached to the clutch mem ers 130, 131 in the same way, a description of the means for attachment of one will suifice for both. In Figure 20, the hub of the pulley 128 is illustrated as being provided with two diametrically-arranged radial pins 132, the beveled inner ends of which extend into keyways 133 formed in the clutch member 130, and the pins 132 are secured in place by crosspins 134. On one end of the shaft 127, there is pinned a collar 135 and on the opsite end is pinned a collar 136, the latter living a peripheral groove 137 to receive shoes 138 pivoted on the bifurcatedend of a right-angle lever 139 by which the shaft 127 may be reciprocated to operate the clutch members. The last-mentioned lever 139 is fulcrumed on a shaft 140 carried b the frame 115. This lever is in turn osci ated in one direction or the other by another ri ht-angle lever 141, the longer arm of w ich terminates in a handle 142 by which it ma be manually moved. The last-mentione lever 141 is fulcrumed on a shaft 143 so that its shorter arm extends toward the shorter arm of the lever 139. The lever 139 has a beveled pin 144 engaged by a similarly beveled pin 145 arranged in a socket in the shorter arm of the lever 141, and is pressed yieldingly outward by a spring 146.

Assumin the parts to be in the position shown in igure 18, when the handle 142 is swung to the left so as to swing the shorter arm of the lever-141 downwardly, the beveled end of the pin 145 rides over the beveled end of the pin 144 until it passes the end of the pin, whereupon the spring 146, which in the meantime has been compressed, thrusts the pin 145 forwardly so as to wedge the lever 139 in the direction to force the clutch-operating shaft 127 to the left so as to engage the clutch 131 with the end of the quill or sleeve 122, thereby causing the worm to be rotated in the same direction as the galley 129 with which it is now clutched.

imi arly, when the handle 142 is swung to the right from the position in which it is last moved, the lever 139 is operated to move the clutch-operating shaft 127 to the right so as to cause the disen agement of the clutch member 131 fromanll the engagement of the clutch member 130 with the quill or sleeve 122 so that the worm will be driven in the opposite direction by the pulle 128. Suitable abutment screws, of which t ere is a pair for each of the lovers 139, 141, are arran to limit the movement of said levers, t ese abutment screws being indicated at 147. The pulleys 129 and 128 are driven by a single rmznd belt 148 which, after passing around hem, is conducted over an idler pulley 149 journaled on a stud shaft 150 pro'ecting forwardly from the frame 115. T e handle 142 of the clutch-shift ing lever 141 is automatically oscillated by stops 151, 152 carried by the worm wheel 112 as shown in Figure 18. These stops are adjustably set in a circular undercut groove 153 formed in the exposed face of the worm wheel, and they are adapted alter nately to engage a in 154 on the lever 141. As the worm w ee'l reaches the limit of its rotation in ohe direction, one of the stops 151 engages the pin 154 to move the clutch-shifting ever in the same direction thereby efl'ecting the reverse rotation at the worm and of'the worm wheel until the other stop 152 enga s the pin 154 and swin s the lever in t e opposite direction. The ength of traverse of the main tool slide may be varied by adjusting the stops 150, 152 in the groove 153 in which they are located.

As previously stated, the main cylindrical tool slide is moved about its axis to effect the cross-feed of the tools relatively to the work. and at the same time. however. the tool carriers must be guided accurately during the longitudinal traverse thereof. To one of the tool carriers, namely that indicated at 39, there is rigidly secured a curved arm 155, to the extremity of which there is secured an elongated template 156. During the operation of the machine, the edge face of the template rests against a shoe 157 carried by a bar 158 as shown in Figures 2, 25

and the center of gravity of the carriers are such that the template 156 bears firmly against the shoe 157, and hence, by adjusting the bar 158 on which the shoe is mounted, the tool carriers and the slide on which they are mounted may be adjusted angularly about the axis of said slide. Any suitable mechanism may be utilized for adjusting the bar 158 lengthwise, the mechanism which I employ bei convenient for the pint se. The bar 158 13 threaded as at 159 and enters a nut sleeve 160 which is mounted in a bearing sleeve 161 located in a suitable a rtare formed in-the front, wall of the befifl, as shown in Figure 25. A hand wheel 162 is keyed to the projecting end of the nut so that the latter may be rotated by hand to ad- Vance or retract the screw bar 158 and thus move the tool carriersin one direction or the other about their axes. There is loosely journaled on the nut sleeve 160 an arm 163 having at its outer end a lip 164 which projects over the hand wheel 162. Journaled in this lip portion there is a shaft 165 having a pinion 166 which engages the toothed flan e 167 of the hand wheel 162. The end of t e shaft 165 is provided with a knurled knob 168 by which the shaft may be rotated to effect a line feed of the screw bar 158. This. pinion and shaft 165 ordinarily hold the wheel 162 and'the arm 163 against relative movement, but, to assistin preventing relative movement of the parts except when the knob 168 is rotated, there is a springpressed pin 169 carried bv the li 164 which engages the periphery of the w reel 162, as shown in Figure 21. The mg for the pin 169 is indicated at 170 an its outer end engages a screw 171 assed into a threaded aperture in the lip. rotated manually to effect a rotative movement of the wheel 162 relatively to the arm 163, the latter must be held against rotation. For this purpose, the arm 163 is provided with a pin 172 which may he engaged with a notch in a swinging handle 173. the fa]- crumed end of which is mounted in a stud 174 mounted in anaperture in the front wall of the bed, Ihave not shown any mechanism for eifectin the automatic rotation of the wheel 162 or t e arm 163, but may utilize for that purpose substantially the same mechanism as illustrated in my said Letters Patent No. 1,051,483, dated Jan. 8, 1913. As the machine i illustrated, the operator, by rotating the hand wheel 162, effects the crossen the shaft 165 is.

iced of the tool carriers and the tools thcre- A on, and, when the main cross feed has been accomplished, the Operator effects the fine finishing feed by first engaging the handle bar 173 with the pin 172 and then rotating the knurled knob 168 so as to rotate the wheel 162 and the nut 159 relatively to the arm 163.

The work holder, which employed 'in'the machine herein illustrated, is of course eelected and adapted for the particular character of the work to be ground, and it is lnounted in a work carrier or support which is firmly fixed to the bed so as to locate the work between the two tools. The work carrier in the present instance comprises a saddle 180 having forwardly and rearwardly projecting arms 181, 182 (see Figure which are bolted or otherwise secured to the front and rear walls of the bed of the machine. It is uite evident that the saddle may be seeurec in such wire to the bed that it is capable of adjustment lengthwise of the tool spindles or crosswise of the bed as may be desired, but, for the purpose of illustration, I have shown the arms of the saddle as being bolted to the bed by bolts' 183 which may be passed into appropriate threaded apertures of which there may be a series. Except for its arms 181, 182, the work carrier is illustrated as being approximately circular in face view and is ring-like or annular so as to afford a bearing for the work holder. In the present instance, the work holder is in the form of a relatively flat disk or annulus 184 having as a component part thereof an annular ring or flange 185 secured thereto by screws 186. The work holder is formed with a groove 18? in its periphery to receive a round belt 188 by which it is driven, said belt itself being driven from a counter-shaft or other suitable source of power. The work holder in the present instance is so formed as to receive and hold a cylindrical object such as a gas engine piston, and to that end its inner face is seini-cylindrically recessed or grooved as at 189 so a"; to receive one side of the cylinder. A complemental clamp member 190 for engaging the other side of the cylinder is pivoted at one bifurcated end upon a pin 191 mounted in a stud 192. A reduced portion of the stud extends through the work holder and is provided on its threaded end with a nut 193. A spring 194 is interposed between the .nut and the face of the work holder so as to draw the stud yieldingly to the right. Tlhe opposite end of the clamp member 190 is bifurcated to receive a stud 195, upon the end of which is a crossbar 196, which, when turned at right angles to the clamp, engages the end thereof and holds it in position. .This is done by the operator manually after the clamp has been moved into place. The stud 195 projects forwardly through the work holder and its forward end is threaded so as to be engaged by a not 197. A sprin 198 is. located between the inner face of the work holder and a collar 199 on the stud 195 so as to hold the nut firmly against the face of the work holder. By the means thus described, the work may be clamped to the holder so that the holes or bores therein are cnbstantiallyalined with the tool spindles and that the latter may be caused to enter the bores as shown in Figure 16. y The work holder is positioned and located by what may be termed a face bearing within the work carrier. To this end, the work carrier is provided witlran annular ball race 200, having in its vertical inner face a ball groove 201 which is complemental to a like groove 202 formed in the inner face of the work holder which thus alto constitutes a ball race. The anti-friction balls 203, which are arranged to engage the two races, are held apart by ring spacers 204. The work holder is drawn yieldingly to the left in Figure 16 with suflicient pressure to hold it firmly against the'anti-friction balls and thus to centerthe work holder and prevent its dislocation either axially or laterally. For this purpose in the present instance I have shown an annular gib 205 which is secured to the work carrier by a series of bolt;

206 assing through the gib and the carrier and iaving on their ends nuts 207 arranged in recesses formed in the work carrier. Springs 208 are arranged in the recesses to bear against the ends thereof and against the nuts so as to draw the heads of the bolts to the left and thereby yieldingly press the gib toward the work carrier axially of the rotation of the work holder. The work holder member 185 is provided with a circumferential or peripheral flange 209 between which and the gib 2 5 are placed antifriction balls 210 in a suitable spacer ring 211. By the means thus described. the work .holder'is drawn yicldingly'axially of the center of rotation thereof toward the work carrier and against the balls 203. The main ball bearing is protected against the entrance of grit or metal particles by a guard sleeve 212 which is inserted in the aperture of the work carrier and extends into a recess 213 in the inner face of the work holder. The ball racc- 200 may be formed as an integral part of the work carrier but preferably it is formed separately and securedin place bv screws 214.

From the description thus given, it will he observed that the work holder. which is substantially in the form of a disk or annulus, may be rotated for the purpose of rotating the work that is clamped thereto, and that it has a face bearing avhich controls and holds it against axial or transverse dislocation. I desire to haye it understood, of course, that, while the work holder embodies features of invention and improvement which so far as I am aware are novel, nevertheless the invention as a whole is not limited 'thereto, as it is uite evident that the machine may be provi ed with any suit-' able form of work holder supported by the stationary work carrier in position'to permit the tools to operate thereon. Instead of having both tools operate upon a single piece of work, it is obviousof course that two pieces of work may be clamped in the work holder so that the tools may operate thereon. For example, it is quite evident that, if the piece of work which I have illustrated were formed in complemental halves, it might be accurately clamped and held in the work holder with the particular mechanism shown for that purpose; Of course the work holder itself must be apertured to permit the passage of one of the tools therethrough to engage the work, and for this urpose there is a hole indicated at 215. lkBWlS6, if theclam member 190 is in the path of the other too ,it too must be apertured or so formed as indicated at 216 to permit the'tool to pass it. Of course these apertures must be, of sufiicient diameter to permit the cross-feed of the tools relatively to the work and to receive such grinding wheels of such size as may be placed upon the grinding spindles for operating on the wor In a machine of this character, it is highly essential that the tools shall be dressed from time to time to, maintain their accuracy of o ration u n the work. I provide a simp e mechanism .by' which this may be accomplished. A diamond holder may be arranged as shown in Figures 2 and 15. It is illustrated as a simple bar 217 which is mounted to slide lengthwise of and be clam d on a stationary stud 218 mounted in a in the work carrier. The diamond itself, which is indicated at 219, is mounted on the end of a cross-pin 220 which is slidable transverse] of the bar 217 and which may be clam in position. Thus the dia mond may be adjusted in intersectin lines at the will of the operator and may e employed for dressing wheels of different diameters. The tool carriers are swung rearwardly and upwardly to bring the tools in proper relation to the dressing mechanism, an when in this position, they are held against movement by an attachment which normally is in inactive position This attachment comprises a frame 221 (see Figures 2 and 3) whose lowerbifurcated end is secured upona shaft 222 extending through the bed from the rear to the front thereof. This shaft has a handle 223 by which it may be rocked to move the frame 221 from the position shown in Figure 2 to an upright position shown in Figure 3. The free end of the frame has a pin 224 which may be caused to enter in a socket member 225 affixed to the rear wall of the bed. The shaft 222 is slidable rearwardly against the tension of a spring 226 arranged between one of the yoke arms of the frame and the rear bearing 227 for the shaft, so

that the frame, as it is being swung from horizontal to vertical position, may be moved rearwardly until the pin 224 re isters with the socket in the socket mem r 225, whereupon the spring 226 forces the shaft 222 and the frame 221 forwardly so as to cause the pin to enter the socket and thereafter hold the frame against swinging movement in its vertical position. When it is in this position, the template 156 on the arm 155 attached to the work carrier 39 engages the end of the frame and thus 10- cates the grinding wheel in potential dressing relatlon to the dressing tool. The

dressing tool being adjusted to proper position, the main tool slide may now be traversed to cause the diamond to dress the wheel, this traverse of the main toolslide being effected preferably'manually by the rotatlon of the hand wheel 212. During this traverse of the tool slide, the frame 221 may be cross-fed by the same mechanism WlllCh effects the cross-feed of the tools during the grinding operation. For this purpose, the frame 221 is formed with a face 228, which, when the frame is in vertical position, engages the shoe 157 on the screw at 158 so that, by feeding the screw bar, the tool mond or dressing mechanism. In actual practice, when it is desired to dress one or the other of the grinding wheels, the frame 221 which normally lies in a horizontal position, is raised to a vertical position, the operator in the meantime having swung the tool carriers rearwardly and upwardly; and, after the template 156 is permitted to rest upon the end of the frame, the operator then adjusts the diamond so as to engage the grinding surface of the wheel; and then, by operating the traversing and cross-feeding mechanism of themachine, the operator is able to dress the wheel with great accuracy.

In" order that the arm 155 may be held upward temporarily, the tool carrier 39 is provided with an elongated inclined bolt 229 having a handle 230, and a lower end which may be projected into the path of the arm and engaged with a face 5.31, as shown in Figure 3. While for convenience the arm 155 is secured to one of the tool carriers 39, it is not necessarily a component part of said carrier, as it could, of course, be rigidly afiixed to the cylindrical tool slide 35, since its function in part is to effect the movement of said slide about iis axis and thus cause a feeding movement of the tool carriers. The tool carriers, as previously indicated, may be may be fed relatively to the dia-.

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re arded as arms hung and clamped at one en upon the tool slide with the tool spindles located in the outer or free ends of the arms and arranged lengthwise of the slide but longitudinally spaced to be located on opporacy of control is afiorded.

slide, since in the latter case a greater accu- The weight of the arm 155 is partially counter-balanced by bars 232, having adjustable weights 233 thereon, said bars eing secured to the tool carriers in any suitable manner.

In the foregoin description, in using the terms horizontal vertical and the like, of course it will be understood that these are relative terms selected for convenience in description,-merel for the reason-that in the particular macliine as illustrated the work happens to be rotated about a horizontal axis. Of course, if the work were arranged to rotate about a vertical axis, the

same relationship of parts could be maintained by causing the tool carriers likewise to swing about a vertical axis and to reciprocate up and down in their traversing movement. Consequently, by the employment of the terms referred to,'I do not mean to limit myself to the horizontally-arranged machine which represents only one embodiment of the invention. Furthermore I would not consider it a de 'arture from the invention set forth in the c aims if the grinding wheels were supported by the bed and the work were hung from the main slide 35. In this event, the cross-feed as well as the longitudinalfeed would be effected by moving the work instead of by moving the grinding tools.

Having thus explained the nature of my said invention and described a we of making and using the same, althoug without attempting to set forth all of the forms in which it may be made or all of the modes of its use, what I claim is I 1. A grindin machine comprising longitudinally-space spindles, grinding wheels thereon, a reciprocatorv main tool slide carriers for said spindles aflixed to said slide so as to be moved thereby, and mechanism for actuating said slide.

2. A grinding machine comprising a reciproeatory main tool slide, tool carrlers'secared to said slide and movable thereby, longitudinally-spaced grinding wheels and longitudinally of longitu 'nally-spaced spindles mounted on said carriers, mechanism for actuating said slide, and means for supporting and rotating the work to be operated on by said grinding wheels.

3. A grinding machine comprising oppositely-arranged longitudinally-spaced spindles having grinding wheels on their inner ends, a reciprocatory main tool slide, and tool carriers on which said 5 indles are ]ournaled allixed to said main sli e and movable simultaneously therewith in the same direction.

4. A grinding machine comprising longitudinally-spaced spindles, grinding wheels thereon, a main tool slide, carriers for said spindles aflixed to said. slide, and mechanism for actuating said slide to move said carriers transversely and longitudinally of the axes of saidspindles.

5. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a reciprocatorv main tool slide movable said bed, longitudinallyspaced substantially-aimed spindles having grindin wheels thereon, supportin means for sai spindles allixed to said slide, and means for reeiprocatin said slide to move said spindles in lines ongitudinal thereof and in the same direction.

6. A grindin machine comprising a bed, a main tool sli e said bed, longitudinally-spaced substantiallyalined spindles having grindin wheels thereon, supporting means for sai spindles affixed to said slide, means for reci rocating said slide to move said spindles in ines longitudinal thereof, and means for actuating said slide and spindles to cause said spindles to move transversely of their axes.

7. A grinding machine comprising longitudinally-spaced spindles, grinding wheels thereon, a main tool slide, a bed on which said slide is mounted both to slide and to move about an axis, and carriers for said spindles affixed to said slide.

8. .A rinding machine comprising a bed, longitu inally-spaced spindles, grindin wheels thereon, a cylindrical main tool sli e mounted on sand bed, and tool carriers hung on said slide to be actuated thereby and supporting said spindles.

9. A inding machine comprising a bed, spindles, grinding wheels thereon, a cylindrical main tool slide mounted on said bed, tool carriers hung on said slide to be actuated thereby and supporting said spindles, means for moving said slide axially to move said carriers and spin dles simultaneously longitudinally of said spindles, and means for moving said carriers transversely of the axes of said alliaut the axis of said cylindrical mam tool s e.

7 10. A in machine comprising a bed a r'otata e wor holder supported by sai bed, longitudinally-spaced spindles on oppomovable longitudinally of site sides of said work holder and having grinding tools thereon, means for simultaneously reciprocating said spindles lengthwise during the operation of the tools on the work, and means for moving said spindles longitudinally toward and from each other into and out of operative relation to the work on said work holder.

11. A grindin machine comprising a bed, a rotatable wor holder supported by said bed, longitudinally-spaced s mdles on opp site sides of said work ho der and having grinding tools thereon, means for simultaneously reciprocating said spindles lengthwise during the operation of the tools on the work, means for moving said spindles longitud-inally toward and from each other into and out of operative relation to the work on said work holder, and mechanism for effecting a relative feeding movement of said work holder and said spindles transversely of said spindles.

12. A rinding machine comprising'a bed, a rotatable work holder supported by said bed, lon itudinally-spaced 's indies on opposite sides of said work hol er and havin grinding tools thereon, carriers for said spindles, a main tool slide to which said earners are secured, means for actuating said tool slide to move the spindles simultaneously in longitudinal lines, and mechanism for efi'ectin a longitudinal relative separating and cfosing movement of said spindles. 13. A grindin machine comprisin a bed, a rotatable work holder supported y said bed, longitudinally-spaced s mdles on opposite sides of said work he der and having grinding tools thereon, means for simultaneously reciprocating said spindles lengthwise during the operation of the tools on the work, means for moving said spindles longitudinall toward and from each other into and out o o rative relation to the work on said work he der, and means for moving one of the spindles transversely relatively to the other.

14. A indin machine comprisin a bed, a rotatab e wor holder sup rted y said bed, longitudinally-spaced spindles on opposite sides of said work holder and having grinding tools thereon, means for simultaneousl reciprocating said spindles lengthwise riiiring the operation of the tools on the work, means for moving said spindles longitudinally toward and from each other into and out of operative relation to the work on said work holder, means for moving one of the spindles transversely relatively to the other, and means for feeding said spindles simultaneously transversely of their axes.

15. A rinding machine comprising a bed, a rotatab e work holder supported by said bed, longitudinally-spaced spindles on opposite sides of said work holder and having grinding tools thereon, carriers for said spindles, a main tool slide to which said carriers are secured, means for actuating said tool slide to move the spindles simultaneously in longitudinal lines, mechanism for effecting a longitudinal relative separating and closing movement of said spindles, means for moving one of said carriers relatively to the other to bring the spindle carried thereby into or out of axial alinement with the other spindle, and means for feeding said carriers transversely of said spindles.

16 A grinding machine comprising a bed, longitudinally-spaced spindles, grindin wheels thereon, a cylindrical main tool sli e mounted on said bed, tool carriers hung on said slide to be actuated thereby and supporting said spindles, mechanism for reciprocatingsaid slide to actuate said carriers simultaneously, and means for moving said spindles axial toward and from each other.

17. A rinding machine comprising a bed, longitudinally-spaced spindles, grinding wheels thereon, a cylindrical main tool slide mounted on said bed, tool carriers hung on said slide to be actuated thereby and supporting said spindles, and means for adjustin one of said carriers relatively to the other about the axis of said slide.

18. A grindin machine comprising a bed, long1tudinal y-spaced spindles, grinding wheels thereon, a cylindrical main tool slide mounted on said bed, tool carriers hung .onsaid slide to be actuated thereby and supportin 'said spindles, means for adjusting one c said carriers relatively to the other about the axis of said slide, and mechanism for feeding said carriers simultaneously about the axis of said slide.

19. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a tool slide mounted to slide on said bed and to oscillate about its longitudinal axis, longitudinally-spaced tool carriers hung on said slide and secured thereto to be moved tl1ereby, mechanism for ad 'usting one of said carriers relatively to t e other about the axis of said tool slide, and mechanism for feeding both carriers about the axis of said slide. 4

20. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a, tool slide mounted to slide on said bed and to oscillate about its longitudinal axis, lon ltudinally-spaced tool carriers hung on sai slide and secured thereto to be moved thereby, mechanism for adjusting one of said carriers relatively to the other'wabout the axis of said tool slide, mechanism for feeding both carriers about theaxis of said slide, and mechanism for reciprocating said slide and thereby said carriers. 7 r

21. A rinding machine comprising a bed a tool s lde supported in bearings 1n said bed, a tool carrier hung on said slide and adjustably fixed thereto, and mechanism for positively adjusting said carrier angularly about said slide.

22. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a tool slide supported in hearings in said bed, tool carriershung on said slide and rigidly secured thereto, mechanism for positiveladjusting one of said carriers angularly a out said slide relatively to the other and mechanism for moving said slide about its axis to cause a feeding movement of said carriers simultaneously.

23. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a tool slide supported in bearings in'said bed, tool carriers hung on said slide and rigidly secured thereto, mechanism for positively adjusting one of said carriers angularly about said slide relatively to the other, mechanism for moving said slide about its axis to cause a feeding movement of said carriers simultaneously, and mechanism for reciprocating said slide and thereby said carriers.

24. A rinding machine comprising a rotary wor holder, a pair of axially-spaced grinding wheels on opposite sides of the work holder, and mechanism for moving said wheels axially simultaneously in the same direction.

25. A grinding machine comprising a rotary wor holder, a pair of axially-spaced grinding wheels on opposite sides of the work holder, mechanism for moving said wheels axially simultaneously in the same direction, and mechanism for advancing and withdrawing said wheels axially toward and from each other.

26. A grinding machine comprising a rotary work holder, a pair of axially-spaced grinding wheels on opposite sides of the work holder, mechanism for moving said wheels axially and simpltaneously, mecha nism for advancing and withdrawing said wheels axially toward and from each other, and mechanism for simultaneously feeding said wheels transversely of their axes.

27. A grinding machine comprising a rotary wor holder, a pair of axially-spaced grinding wheels on opposite sides of the work holder, mechanism for moving said wheels axially and simultaneously, mechanism for advancing and withdrawing said wheels axially toward and from each other, and mechanism for moving one of said wheels transversely of its axis relatively to the other wheel.

28. In a grinding machine, a pair of spaced tool carriers, a spindle, a grinding wheel, and a tool holder for the spindle on each carrier, mechanism for simultaneously moving said -carriers axially of said spindles, and mechanism for moving one of said tool holders axially of its spindle relatively to its associated carrier.

29. In a grinding machine, a bed, a main tool slide mounted to slide on said bed, tool carriers supported on said slide, a spindle on each of said carriers having a grinding tool, a spindle holder on each carrier in which the associated spindle is journaled, and mechanism for moving one of said tool carriers and the spindle holder of the other carrier in opposite directions to advance and withdraw the said spindles toward and from each other.

30. In a grinding machine, spaced tool carriers; a grinding tool, a spindle, and a spindle sleeve or holder mounted on each carrier, said spindles extending in the same lengthwise directions and the grinding wheels being on the adjacent ends of said spindles; a hollow oscillatory tool slide to which said tool carriers are secured at spaced portions of its length; and mechanism extending in part through said hollow tool slide for moving one of said spindle sleeves or holders lengthwise relatively to its associated carrier.

31. In a grinding machine, a hollow tool slide, a tool carrier thereon, a sleeve or spindle holder mounted on said carrier, a tool spindle journaled in said sleeve, a movable member within the hollow tool slide, and power-transmitting mechanism between said member and said spindle holder, for moving said spindle holder relatively to said carrier.

32. In a grinding machine, a tubular tool slide, an armlike carrier fixed to said tool slide, a tool spindle, a sleeve or holder for said spindle mounted on the free end of said carrier, a longitudinally movable member located in said tubular tool slide, and powertransn'iitting mechanism operable by said member to move said sleeve or holder on said carrier.

33. In a grinding machine, a tool earlier, a spindle holder movable thereon, a tool spindle mounted on said carrier, a movable rack bar, and mechanism actuated by said rack bar for moving said spindle holder rela-' tively to said carrier in lines longitudinal of the spindle.

34. In a grinding machine, a bed, a tool slide movable on said bed, a spindle holder supported by said slide and arranged longitudinally thereof, a tool spindle journaled in said holder, and mechanism for moving said tool slide relatively to said bed and said spindle holder relatively to said slide in opposite directions longitudinally of said spindle.

35. In a grinding machine, a bed, a tub lar slide mounted on said bed, a rack bar within said slide. mechanism for efl'ecting a relative lengthwise movement of said slide and bar, and stop members on the bed for engagement with said bar, whereby the actuation of said mechanism first causes a movement of said bar relatively to said slide and 

